HSC Islamic History and Culture 2nd Paper 3rd Chapter Note Mughal rule in the Indian subcontinent

HSC Islamic History and Culture 2nd Paper 3rd Chapter Note Mughal rule in the Indian subcontinent. The Mughal Empire (also known as Mogul, Timurid, or Hindustan empire) is considered one of the classic periods of India’s long and amazing history. In 1526, Zahir-ud-Din Muhammad Babur, a man with Mongol heritage from central Asia, established a foothold in the Indian sub-continent which was to last for more than three centuries. By 1650, the Mughal empire was one of three leading powers of the Islamic world, the so-called Gunpowder Empires including the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Persia. At its height about 1690, the Mughal empire ruled almost the entire subcontinent of India, controlling 4 million square kilometers and a population estimated at 160 million.

HSC Islamic History and Culture 2nd Paper 3rd Chapter Note Mughal rule in the Indian subcontinent

Akbar’s son, Jahangir, ruled the Mughal Empire in peace and prosperity from 1605 until 1627. He was succeeded by his own son, Shah Jahan. The 36-year-old Shah Jahan inherited an incredible empire in 1627, but any joy he felt would be short-lived. Just four years later, his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal, died during the birth of their fourteenth child. The emperor went into deep mourning and was not seen in public for a year. As an expression of his love, Shah Jahan commissioned the building of a magnificent tomb for his dear wife. Designed by the Persian architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri, and constructed of white marble, the Taj Mahal is considered the crowning achievement of Mughal architecture.

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