HSC EV Biology 1st Paper 2nd Chapter Note

HSC EV Biology 1st Paper 2nd Chapter Note. Cell Division. Cell division is the process cells go through to divide. There are several types of cell division, depending upon what type of organism is dividing. Organisms have evolved over time to have different and more complex forms of cell division. Most prokaryotes, or bacteria, use binary fission to divide the cell. Eukaryotes of all sizes use mitosis to divide. Sexually-reproducing eukaryotes use a special form of cell division called meiosis to reduce the genetic content in the cell.

This is necessary for sexual reproduction because each parent must give only half of the required genetic material, otherwise, his offspring would have too much DNA, which can be a problem. These different types of cell division are discussed below. Organisms can be classified as unicellular (consisting of a single cell; including bacteria) or multicellular (including plants and animals). While the number of cells in plants and animals varies from species to species, humans contain more than 10 trillion (1013) cells. Most plant and animal cells are visible only under a microscope, with dimensions between 1 and 100 micrometers.

HSC EV Biology 1st Paper 2nd Chapter Note. Cell Division

A cell is the smallest working unit of all living organisms on our planet earth, which is capable of performing life functioning. Hence it can also be defined as a fundamental unit of life. The term cell was first observed and identified by an English physicist Robert Hook in the year 1665. There were many theories developed for the cell. Later in the year 1839 a two German scientist – Schwann and Schleiden provided few basic principles of the cell.

There are many cells in an individual, which performs several functions throughout life. The different types of the cell include- prokaryotic cell, plant and animal cell.  The size and the shape of the cell range from millimeter to microns, which are generally based on the type of function that it performs. A cell generally varies in their shapes. A few cells are in spherical, rod, flat, concave, curved, rectangular, oval and etc. These cells can only be seen under a microscope.

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English Version HSC Biology Note