EV HSC Chemistry 2nd Paper 1st Chapter MCQ Question Answer

EV HSC Chemistry 2nd Paper 1st Chapter MCQ Question Answer. Environment Chemistry. Environmental chemistry is the scientific study of the chemical and biochemical phenomena that occur in natural places. It should not be confused with green chemistry, which seeks to reduce potential pollution at its source. It can be defined as the study of the sources, reactions, transport, effects, and fates of chemical species in the air, soil, and water environments; and the effect of human activity and biological activity on these. Environmental chemistry is an interdisciplinary science that includes atmospheric, aquatic and soil chemistry, as well as heavily relying on analytical chemistry and being related to environmental and other areas of science.

Environmental chemistry is the study of chemical processes occurring in the environment which are impacted by humankind’s activities. These impacts may be felt on a local scale, through the presence of urban air pollutants or toxic substances arising from a chemical waste site, or on a global scale, through depletion of stratospheric ozone or global warming. The focus in our courses and research activities is upon developing a fundamental understanding of the nature of these chemical processes so that humankind’s activities can be accurately evaluated.

EV HSC Chemistry 2nd Paper 1st Chapter MCQ Question Answer. Environment Chemistry

Chemistry is one of the ancient and main disciplines of sciences. Various kinds of changes such as formation, destructions,  growth, transformation, production etc. are discussed in chemistry. The practice of chemistry has been continuing for a number of millennia. The process of beautifying clothes by applying dyes was on track in the Indian subcontinent about  5000 years ago.  Men started making metallic weapons, columns, and statues quite a long ago. In ancient times, precious metals like gold, silver, lead etc. were extracted from mines using chemical technologies.

Quantitative chemical analysis is a key part of environmental chemistry since it provides data that frame most environmental studies. Common analytical techniques used for quantitative determinations in environmental chemistry include classical wet chemistry, such as gravimetric, titrimetric and electrochemical methods. More sophisticated approaches are used in the determination of trace metals and organic compounds. Metals are commonly measured by atomic spectroscopy and mass spectrometry: Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission (ICP-AES) or Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometric (ICP-MS) techniques.

Organic compounds are commonly measured also using mass spectrometric methods, such as Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Tandem Mass spectrometry MS/MS and High Resolution/Accurate Mass spectrometry HR/AM offer subpart per trillion detection. Non-MS methods using GCs and LCs having universal or specific detectors are still staples in the arsenal of available analytical tools

Other parameters often measured in environmental chemistry are radiochemicals. These are pollutants which emit radioactive materials, such as alpha and beta particles, posing danger to human health and the environment. Particle counters and Scintillation counters are most commonly used for these measurements. Bioassays and immunoassays are utilized for toxicity evaluations of chemical effects on various organisms. Polymerase Chain Reaction PCR is able to identify species of bacteria and other organisms through specific DNA and RNA gene isolation and amplification and are showing promise as a valuable technique for identifying environmental microbial contamination

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EV HSC Chemistry 2nd Paper MCQ Suggestion Question Answer