HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14. Worldwide there is increasing recognition that citizen involvement is critical for enhancing democratic governance, improving service delivery, and fostering empowerment. “Demand for Good Governance” (DFGG) refers to the ability of citizens, civil society organizations and other non state actors to hold the state accountable and make it responsive to their needs. DFGG encompasses initiatives that focus on citizens as the ultimate stakeholders and include activities relating to – information disclosure, demystification and dissemination; beneficiary/user participation and consultation; complaints handling; and independent and/or participatory monitoring. DFGG aims to strengthen the capacity of NGOs, the media, local communities, and the private sector to hold authorities accountable for better development results. DFGG mechanisms can be initiated and supported by the state, citizens or both but very often they are demand-driven and operate from the bottom-up.

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HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

HSC Syllabus of Civics and Good Governance Session 2013-14

EVOLUTION OF DFGG IN THE WORLD BANK

The concept of accountability has gained increasing importance in the World Bank’s discourse in the past two decades. The 1996 “cancer of corruption speech” of former President Jim Wolfensohn was a turning point as it marked the inclusion of government accountability in policy discussions. Analytical studies and frameworks that have been developed since have contributed greatly to advancing the agenda. For example, the 2001 World Development Report and the World Bank’s empowerment framework recognized accountability as an integral component of ’empowerment’ and hence poverty reduction. Similarly, the 2004 World Development Report: “Making Services Work for the Poor”, placed accountability relationships between policy makers, service providers, and clients at the core of development effectiveness. Moreover, the Social Development Strategy released in 2005 recognized accountability of institutions as one of the three key conceptual pillars for empowering poor people. The importance of demand-side of governance interventions was also further developed in the multi-stakeholder engagement guidance note and Governance and Anti-Corruption Strategy. These important benchmarks paved the way for translating accountability into specific Bank policies and practices.