Chapter 8. Our Resources

Chapter 8. Our Resources. Introduction: Soil is a very vital natural resource. It grows plants and produces crops. The soil is the source of many mineral resources including oil, gas, and coal. However, such a valuable resource is constantly being polluted in different ways.

Can you tell us how soil is useful to us? At first, the soil grows plants that give us food. Oxygen gas essential for our respiration is also obtained from plants. If there was no soil, plants could not grow and the supply of food and oxygen would stop. Secondly, we build houses, offices, roads, etc on the soil. Moreover, a major part of usable water, essential for living, is coming from the bottom of the soil. The major part of valuable energy resources (such as oil, gas, coal) is extracted from soil. Similarly, many useful minerals like gold, silver, iron, etc. are also gifts of soil.

Now let us know about the composition of such an important resource, soil. Soil is a mixture of various types of organic and inorganic chemical substances. The composition of soil varies in different areas. The substances present in the soil are divided into four groups and they are minerals, organic substances, gaseous substances, and water. All types of substances are present in the form of a complex mixture in most of the cases and cannot be separated from each other. Minerals present in soil are usually inorganic compounds.

Chapter 8. Our Resources

Natural resources are resources that exist without the actions of humankind. This includes all valued characteristics such as magnetic, gravitational, electrical properties and forces, etc. On Earth, it includes sunlight, atmosphere, water, land (includes all minerals) along with all vegetation, crops and animal life that naturally subsists upon or within the heretofore identified characteristics and substances.

Particular areas such as the rainforest in Fatu-Hiva are often characterized by the biodiversity and geodiversity existent in their ecosystems. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways. Natural resources are materials and components (something that can be used) that can be found within the environment. Every man-made product is composed of natural resources (at its fundamental level). A natural resource may exist as a separate entity such as freshwater, air, and as well as any living organism such as a fish, or it may exist in an alternate form that must be processed to obtain the resource such as metal ores, rare earth metals, petroleum, and most forms of energy.

There is much debate worldwide over natural resource allocations. This is particularly true during periods of increasing scarcity and shortages (depletion and overconsumption of resources).

Resource extraction involves any activity that withdraws resources from nature. This can range in scale from the traditional use of preindustrial societies to the global industry. Extractive industries are, along with with with agriculture, the basis of the primary sector of the economy. Extraction produces raw material, which is then processed to add value. Examples of extractive industries are hunting, trapping, mining, oil and gas drilling, and forestry. Natural resources can add substantial amounts to a country’s wealth, however, a sudden inflow of money caused by a resource boom can create social problems including inflation harming other industries (“Dutch disease”) and corruption, leading to inequality and underdevelopment, this is known as the “resource curse”.

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