JSC Bangladesh and Bishoporichoy Suggestion 2019-5. Bangladesh, officially the People’s Republic of Bangladesh is a country in South Asia, located on the fertile Bengal delta. It is bordered by the Republic of India to its north, west, and east, by the Union of Myanmar (Burma) to its south-east and by the Bay of Bengal to its south. It is separated from the Democratic Republic of Nepal and the Kingdom of Bhutan by the narrow Indian Siliguri Corridor. Together with the neighboring Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethnolinguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means “Country of Bengal” in the official Bengali language.
JSC Bangladesh and Bishoporichoy Suggestion 2019-5
Model Question No. 5
The borders of modern Bangladesh took shape during the Partition of Bengal and British India in 1947 when the region became the eastern wing of the newly formed state of Pakistan. Due to political exclusion, ethnic and linguistic discrimination, and economic neglect by the politically dominant western wing, a combination of popular agitation, nationalism and civil disobedience led to the Bangladesh Liberation War in 1971 which resulted in the separation and Independence of the region from Pakistan and the formation of an independent Bangladesh.
After independence, the new state proclaimed a secular multiparty democracy. The country endured decades of poverty, famine, political turmoil and numerous military coups. The restoration of democracy in 1991 was followed by a period of relative calm and economic progress although the country’s main political parties remain bitterly polarized.
Bangladesh is a parliamentary republic with an elected parliament called the Jatiyo Sangshad. With a population of more than 160 million people in a territory of 56,977 sq mi, Bangladesh is the world’s eighth most populous country, as well as one of the world’s most densely populated countries. The Bengalis from the country’s predominant ethnic group, whereas the indigenous peoples in northern and southeastern districts form a significant and diverse ethnic minority. The Bengal Delta region has a rich and diverse cultural heritage. The four largest religions in the country are Islam (89%), Hinduism (9%), Buddhism (1%) and Christianity (0.5%).
Bangladesh is finally going to be recognized as a developing country – economically and socially – in March 2018, crossing over from the list of least developing countries (LDCs).
Bangladesh has achieved all three conditions that were needed to be a developing country.
However, the announcement will be effective in 2024 – after being assessed by the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
The council will make the announcement by considering three aspects of the country – economic risk, human development, and per capita income. In the meantime, Bangladesh has to maintain its progress.
Planning Ministry sources said the United Nations Committee for Development Policy (CDP) creates indexes for countries every three years based on their per capita income and social issues.
Based on the indexes, the countries of the world are divided into three categories: least developing countries (LDCs), developing countries and advanced countries.
Bangladesh has reached the second phase after meeting the eligibility criteria of CDP – now it is a matter of time for the country to emerge from the LDC list to the list of developing countries.
According to the 2015 assessment by CDP, a country needs 32 points (or less) in the economic risk index, 66 or more points in the human development index, and $1,242 per capita income to be considered as a developing one. In 2015, Bangladesh’s position in the economic risk index stood at 25.1 points, 63.8 points in the human development index, and it had $923 per capita income based on the Atlas system.
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