Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Two methods are commonly used for determining the specific gravities of liquids. One method uses the hydrometer, an instrument that gives a specific gravity reading directly. A second method, called the bottle method, uses a “specific-gravity bottle,” i.e., a flask made to hold a known volume of liquid at a specified temperature (usually 20°C). The bottle is weighed, filled with the liquid whose specific gravity is to be found, and weighed again. The difference in weights is divided by the weight of an equal volume of water to give the specific gravity of the liquid. For gases a method essentially the same as the bottle method for liquids is used. Specific gravities of gases are usually converted mathematically to their value at standard temperature and pressure

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

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Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

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Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Determine specific gravity of Kerosene by specific gravity bottle

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a substance compared to the density (mass of the same unit volume) of a reference substance. Apparent specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a volume of the substance to the weight of an equal volume of the reference substance. The reference substance is nearly always water for liquids or air for gases. Temperature and pressure must be specified for both the sample and the reference. Pressure is nearly always 1 atm equal to 101.325 kPa. Temperatures for both sample and reference vary from industry to industry. In British brewing practice the specific gravity as specified above is multiplied by 1000.[1] Specific gravity is commonly used in industry as a simple means of obtaining information about the concentration of solutions of various materials such as brines, hydrocarbons, sugar solutions (syrups, juices, honeys, brewers wort, must etc.) and acids.

 

Specific gravity, as it is a ratio of densities, is a dimensionless quantity. Specific gravity varies with temperature and pressure; reference and sample must be compared at the same temperature and pressure, or corrected to a standard reference temperature and pressure. Substances with a specific gravity of 1 are neutrally buoyant in water, those with SG greater than one are denser than water, and so (ignoring surface tension effects) will sink in it, and those with an SG of less than one are less dense than water, and so will float. In scientific work the relationship of mass to volume is usually expressed directly in terms of the density (mass per unit volume) of the substance under study. It is in industry where specific gravity finds wide application, often for historical reasons.